vector<int> eratosthenes_sieve(int n) {
    vector<bool> is_composite(n + 1, false);
    vector<int> primes;

    for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
        if (is_composite[i]) continue;

        primes.push_back(i);

        for (long long j = (long long)i * i; j <= n; j += i)
            is_composite[j] = true;
    }
    return primes;
}